Al-Madinah al-Fadilah in Islamic Political Philosophy: An Exploration of Al-Farabi's Thought and Its Impact on Traditional Thought

Abstract

One of the most knowledgeable philosophers in his field is a philosophy that inspired him to think critically, because his writings contain the political views of Al-Madina Al-Fadillah. This study analyzes Islamic political philosophy in Al-Farabi's thoughts. This research is a library research, and the methods used in this study are descriptive analysis and qualitative analysis. Al-Farabi put forward the concept of al-Madinah al-Fadilah to reconcile faith and reason. The concept of government in Al-Farabi's theory is based on the leadership style and traditions of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, a messenger and caliph. In addition, in this theory the concept of good character is influenced by the ideas of Plato and Aristotle, especially the idea that views humans as social beings. In addition, al-Farabi was greatly influenced by social and political movements during the Abbasid era, political conflict, unrest, political instability and insecurity were the main causes of the birth of this idea. The principles contained in almost all intellectual forms born outside the Islamic world show significant differences from Greek philosophy, especially in responding to the challenges of the times, towards God and the world, towards revelation and thought, towards worship and thought. Furthermore, when Islamic philosophers discussed nature and humanity, they were only enlightened by the spirit of Islamic teachings or the authority of the Quran. These influences demonstrate that Islamic thought differs from other forms of thought.