Women's Heirs' Rights In Qs. An-Nisā' Verses 11–12: An Analysis Of Contextual Interpretation Of Women As Breadwinners

Nurfitri Rodhiyati Saputri; Ahmad Nurrohim; Zahira Syahwa Hafidzha

doi:10.58355/maqolat.v4i4.252

Authors

Nurfitri Rodhiyati Saputri University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Ahmad Nurrohim University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Zahira Syahwa Hafidzha Istanbul University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58355/maqolat.v4i4.252

Keywords:

Women's Heirs' Rights, QS. An-Nisā' 11–12, Contextual Interpretation, Substantive Justice, Breadwinner, Takharuj.

Abstract

The division of inheritance in Islam, especially the provision of a 2:1 ratio between men and women in the Qur'an. An-Nisā' verse 11 is still a debate in the context of contemporary society. The debate is increasingly relevant as the role of women in the family changes, including when women are also the breadwinners and even the main source of family income. This research aims to analyze women's inheritance rights in QS. An-Nisā' verses 11–12 through a contextual interpretation approach and examine its relevance to the changing economic role of women in the family. This research uses a qualitative method with a type of library research. Data was obtained through a study of relevant books of interpretation, books, scientific journals, and academic literature, then analyzed descriptive-analytically by comparing classical and contemporary interpretations. The results of the study show that the 2:1 inheritance division in classical interpretation is understood as a form of proportional justice related to the difference in economic responsibilities of men and women. Meanwhile, changes in social conditions show that women today can have a greater economic role, including as breadwinners. Fazlur Rahman's double movement perspective and Amina Wadud's thought provide space to understand the message of verse justice by considering the social context and normative purpose of the Qur'an. In this context, substantive justice does not have to be understood as the abolition of faraid provisions, but can be realized through deliberation and the mechanism of takharuj or al-sulh after the rights of each heir are known. Thus, the provisions of inheritance remain the normative basis, while the conditions, needs, contributions, and benefits of the heirs can be considered in reaching an agreement on the division of property in contemporary families

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